Study of relationship between the blood supply of the extrahepatic bile duct and duct supply branches from gastroduodenal artery on imaging and anatomy / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Liver transplantation has become the treatment of choice for patients with end-stage acute or chronic hepatic disease. Bile duct complications are common events after liver transplantation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the blood supply of the human bile duct and identify the underlying mechanisms of bile duct complications after liver transplantation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The duct supply branches from gastroduodenal artery and blood supply of extrahepatic bile duct system were re-evaluated through selective hepatic angiography from 600 patients. In addition, 33 cadavers were injected with latex casting material into the common hepatic artery, then the extrahepatic bile duct and the branches from the common hepatic artery were carefully dissected to visualize the gastroduodenal artery and its branching to the extrahepatic bile duct.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The bile duct artery arose from the branch of the gastroduodenal artery in 8.1% (49/600). Of these 49 individuals, the bile duct artery was supplied by the gastroduodenal artery (61.22%, 30/49), the proper hepatic artery (14.29%, 7/49), or both the gastroduodenal artery and the proper hepatic artery (24.49%, 12/49). In our study of 33 cadavers, the percentage that the bile duct artery arose from the gastroduodenal artery was 27.27%. The blood supply to the bile extrahepatic bile ducts was divided into different segments and formed longitudinal and arterial network anastomosed on the walls of the duct.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>There is a close relationship between the duct supply branches from gastroduodenal artery and the blood supplying patterns of the extrahepatic bile duct system. In liver transplant surgery, the initial part of the gastroduodenal artery is preferred to be preserved in the donor liver. It is of great significance to improve the success rate of operation and reduce complications.</p>

Monitoring the progression of renal fibrosis by T2-weighted signal intensity and diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging in cisplatin induced rat models / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Diffusion weighted imaging (DWI), with the applying of intravoxel incoherent motion model, has showed promising results in obtaining additional information about microperfusion and tubular flow associated with morphologic changes in chronic kidney diseases. The study aims to evaluate the potential of T2-weighted signal intensity (SI) and DWI with mono- and bi-exponential models to reflect the serial changes on cisplatin (CP) induced rat renal fibrosis models.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Magnetic resonance exams were performed prior to and 2 nd day, 4 th day, 6 th day, 8 th day, 2 nd week, 3 rd week and 4 th week after CP injection at a 3.0T with an animal coil. Besides T2-weighted images (T2WI), DWI of 13 b values from 0 to 1500 s/mm 2 was acquired. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), fluid fraction f, pure diffusivity D and pseudodiffusivity DFNx01 values were calculated. The regions of interest were placed on cortex (CO), outer stripe of the outer medulla (OM) and inner stripe of the outer medulla (OM), parameters were measured and compared among different time points. Five rats were scarified at each time point for pathological examination.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>OM revealed remarkable hyperintense and broadened before it became an obscure thread, while CO demonstrated moderate hyperintense and IM didn't show significant change on T2WI. On all three stripes, ADC values decreased firstly then kept increasing since the 4 th day; f values decreased on all stripes; D values had a tendency to increase with fluctuations but the changes didn't achieve statistical significance; DFNx01 values increased at the 2 nd day then tended to be steady thereafter. Pathological findings revealed tubules epitheliums swelling followed by inflammation cells infiltration, interstitial fibrosis was observed since the 2 nd week.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>All of T2-weighted SI, ADC, and biexponential models parameters vary during fibrotic process; biexponential model is superior to monoexponential model in separating changes of microperfusion together with tubular flow from pure diffusion.</p>

Study on the theory of "Shaoyang Meridians being in charge of the bone" / 中国针灸

To explore the theory of "Shaoyang Meridians being in charge of the bone" in Huangdi's Internal Classic, which has been buried for long time. With citation of Huangdi's Internal Classic and exposition of famous experts, speculate on the contents and meanings systematically. Results indicate that the theory of "Shaoyang Meridians being in charge of the bone" possibly first in the world recognizes osteoporosis being a general bony disease, and articulates that the Foot-Shaoyang Meradians can modulate bony strength under physiological and pathological conditions, and treat osteoporosis which mainly manifests as ostealgia and easy fracture.